She got her first break when she approached an Indian record company Saregama, which decided to produce her first album 'Boshte Dio Kachhe' in the Bengali language. The album caught the ears of composer Anupam Roy, who wanted to experiment with a fresh voice, with new vocal and tonal qualities, for his composition in the movie Praktan. She subsequently debuted into film music with Anupam Roy’s composition, “Tumi Jake Bhalobasho". The song was both critically and commercially well received and in 2016, she won the National Award for Best Female Playback Singer for the same. Following this, she rose to prominence by giving some back-to-back hits for films like"Gotro", where the song Rangabati became an overnight sensation among the multitudes. Subsequently she lent her voice to films like Guptodhoner Shondhane, Sweater, FlatNo 609, Durgeshgorer Guptodhon, Dristikon, Uronchondi, Mukherjee dar Bou, Curzoner Kalom, Googly, Sraboner Dhara, Asur, and Dwitiyo Purush. In 2022 she sang for the movie "Mahananda" where her song "Maati Amar" was hugely appreciated. She also sang the song "Tapa Tini" for Shiboprosad Mukherjee and Nandita Ray's movie Belashuru. Within a few weeks the entire youth of Bengal were grooving to the song! Soon after, she collaborated with Raj Chakraborty Entertainment for their film,"HabjiGabji", where she sang the song "Dure" along with the versatile male vocalist Papon.

Besides films, Iman has worked on some music albums, the most notable among them being: Kalo Jole kuchla Tole, Bala Nacho To Dekhi, Jogot Saje Brindabon, Basanta Batase, Achena Baishakh, Ojana. Apart from stage shows and playback singing, Iman appears as one of the mentors on ZeeBangla’s reality show Sa Re Ga Ma Pa.

The multi-talented songster debuted in acting with the short film ‘Missing’ in 2020. She further explored acting by making a guest appearance for the movie "Brahma Jaane Gopon Kommoti", where she played a housewife. Recently, she has acted in a web series named "Shob Choritro" where she played the role of a psychiatrist. She has acted in a film named "Nitishastro" which is yet to be released.

Iman Chakraborty actively releases cover songs on her YouTube channel named Iman Chakraborty Production. As a sangeet guru, she runs her own music academy i.e, Iman Sangeet Academy where she shapes and builds the budding talents for their future with her own proficiency and guidance.

Being a favourite of the paparazzi, Iman enjoys a lot of coverage by some renowned media houses like Anandabazar, Eisamay, The Times of India, The Telegraph, and many more. She collaborated with some renowned brands and modelled for Ganesh, Mother Dairy, Shyam Steel, Times Fresh Face, Sunrise Pure, Trends, Tanishq, PC Chandra Jewellers, Cadbury’s Dairy Milk, Lifestyle, SahaTextiles, Bru, Mi, and Bishhorong.